azithromycin prostatitis

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Antibiotics: classification and uses

An antibiotic is a chemical produced by or derived from microorganisms (eg germs as bacteria and fungi or insects). Antibiotics are among the most prescribed drugs in modern medicine. Antibiotics cure disease by killing bacteria or reproduction of bacteria and inhibition of growth. Some antibiotics can be used to treat a wide range infectious disease and are known as "broad spectrum antibiotics." Others are only effective against certain types of bacteria and are known as narrow spectrum "antibiotics.

Bacterial resistance

The treatment of infectious diseases is compromised by the appearance of antibiotic resistant strains of microbial pathogens. bacteria antibiotic-resistant germs that can not be killed by antibiotics merchandise. When bacteria are exposed to antibiotics and others Once a variety of biochemical processes occurring in these bacteria. These processes can keep the antibiotics from the cell, alters the fate of drugs, on or off antibiotics, allowing bacteria to change and not be affected by this drug.

The rapid spread or development of antibiotic resistance may compromise the empirical treatment standard of many infectious diseases. Resistant bacteria do not respond to antibiotics and continue to cause infection. In fact, the greatest threat to cover successfully with antibiotics, and thus the driving force behind the search for new therapies is the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.

Beta-lactamases are enzymes produced by bacteria and are responsible for their resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins and carbapenems. beta-lactam antibiotics are mainly used to treat a broad spectrum of Gram positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria.

Often, beta-lactam combination with inhibitors of bacterial beta-lactamase to be able to cope infections caused by bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics (eg, ampicillin / sulbactam, ticarcillin / clavulanic acid, amoxicillin / clavulanate, piperacillin / tazobactam, etc.). Today, these drugs in combination are called antibiotic of last generation.

The types of antibiotics

There are many types of antibiotics. The type of antibiotic prescribed depends on the type of infection and type of antibiotics known to be effective.

The major classes of antibiotics are as follows:
• Macrolides
• Aminoglycosides
• Cephalosporins
• Fluoroquinolones
• Penicillins
• Tetracyclines
• Carbapenems

Macrolides

Macrolides are antibiotics such as erythromycin. Used to treat infections of the respiratory tract, genital tract, gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. Some of the latest additions to the group macrolides, azithromycin and clarithromycin. It works the same way the other macrolides, but are generally more effective with fewer adverse secondary.

Macrolides are the most commonly prescribed erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin (one of the antibiotics as soon the world-sales), roxithromycin

Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides are bactericidal antibiotics that Related is used to treat infectious diseases caused by gram-negative bacteria. The usefulness of aminoglycosides and antibacterial agents specificity arises from its action. Sometimes, these antibiotics can be used in conjunction with penicillin or cephalosporins to give more effective attack on bacteria. Aminoglycosides work well, but Bacteria can acquire resistance to them. These antibiotics should be injected and can not be taken by mouth, because they break down easily in the stomach and lose their share. In general, aminoglycosides are given for short periods of time.

It is most commonly prescribed aminoglycosides include amikacin (High resistance to bacterial inactivation), gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin.

Cephalosporins

cephalosporin antibiotics to cover a wide range of organisms, are generally easy to administer and well tolerated. That is why we are the class most commonly used antibiotics. Cephalosporins are related to penicillin, and grouped according to common structural features, the beta-lactam ring.

On the basis of its spectrum cephalosporin antimicrobial activity are grouped into generations. generation cephalosporins have more Gram-negative antimicrobial properties latest and most effective against the bacteria resistant.
Cephalosporins are used to treat pneumonia strep throat, staph infections, tonsillitis, bronchitis, otitis media, different types of skin infections, gonorrhea.

Cephalosporins are the most commonly prescribed:
• First generation: cefazolin, cefadroxil, cephalexin, cephradine
• Second generation: cefaclor, cefamandole; cefonicid; ceforanide; cefuroxime
• Third generation: cefotaxime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, cefdinir, cefoperazone
• Fourth generation: cefepime, cefpirome

Fluoroquinolones

The fluoroquinolones are broad spectrum (effective against many bacteria), antibiotics which are concentration-dependent bactericidal activity fluoroquinolones. He used to treat most common urinary tract infections respiratory tract infections, bacterial prostatitis, skin infections and respiratory infections (including pneumonia, sinusitis, bronchitis, etc.)

Fluoroquinolones are the most commonly are prescribed ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, ofloxacin, trovafloxacin

Penicillins

During For centuries, physicians and scientists looking for something to kill germs without harming patients. Discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929, penicillin was the first antibiotic to be able to provide such action.

Penicillins are used to treat skin infections, dental infections, ear infections, urinary infections, respiratory tract infections, gonorrhea. To improve the effectiveness of drugs, penicillins are sometimes combined with other ingredients called Beta-lactamase inhibitors, which protect the penicillin based on bacterial enzymes destructive.

The most frequently prescribed amoxicillin penicillin, ampicillin – has been widely used to treat bacterial infections combination of ampicillin and sulbactam ampicillin/sulbactam-, an inhibitor of beta-lactamase bacterial pipperacillin, piperacillin / tazobactam, oxacillin, penicillin.

Tetracyclines

Tetracyclines are a family of broad spectrum antibiotics that are active against several species bacteria.

Tetracyclines are commonly used in the treatment of respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, strep, sinus, ear average, urinary tract, intestines, and infection with anthrax, gonorrhea, plaque, malaria, elephantiasis, cholera and others.

The most commonly prescribed tetracyclines are: tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline (he has a wider spectrum of other group members).

Carbapenems

Carbapenems are members of the family of beta-lactam antibiotics. They are active against many important pathogenic antibiotics wide spectrum Gram-positive and Gram-negative (large). One of the most important characteristics is its high carbapenem antibiotic resistance to various beta-lactamases. All these features make carbapenems are the largest class of antibiotics currently used clinically.

Carbapenems The most commonly prescribed are: Meropenem, a broad-spectrum antibacterial effective against a wide range of organisms, imipenem, has a wide spectrum of activity against aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram negative; imipenem/cilastatin- is a much broader spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics containing as imipenem and cilastatin, cilastatin also prevents the inactivation of imipenem renal which leads to more effective antibiotics (imipenem is resistant to the action of many enzymes that degrade most drugs as penicillin and penicillin).

Use of antibiotics

Antibiotics usually taken orally, however, can also be administered by injection, or applied directly on the affected body part.

More antibiotics are starting to have an effect on infection within hours after consumption. It is important to remember the entire course of medication to prevent infection will return.

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Should I take antibiotics for it? prostatitis?

Last week, I took a course of 3500 mg of azithromycin for prostatitis. and has symptoms get worse or something. I havent been in a week. I was in regime 2 Aleve twice a day for 2 weeks for swelling. rectal pressure went for the most part only comes at night a bit, not as he did, but the urologist told me to take more within 10 days of it. chills now my symptoms are not sure to anxiety. no fever. frequent urination and pain in lower back. So my question is I have to restart my antibiotics or not.? hear the antibiotics cause a problem as I took a course in January for 5 days and even now, I want more for it .. What should I do?

hoo, you know that antibiotics have side effects if you stop, against Chinese medicine has a magical effect.diuretic anti-inflammatory pill is a good recommendation.many suffering that have been healed.

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